Which term refers to performing with little or no preparation?

The term "extemporaneous" is used to describe something that is performed or done spontaneously, without prior preparation or rehearsal. This adjective often refers to speaking or presenting in a manner that relies on the speaker’s ability to articulate their thoughts on the spot, showcasing quick thinking and adaptability. In contexts such as public speaking, an extemporaneous speech is delivered without extensive notes or scripting, allowing for a more natural and engaging presentation.

This quality of being spontaneous and improvised makes "extemporaneous" the most fitting answer to describe an action done with little to no preparation. Other terms like "euphemism," "goad," and "glib" do not convey this sense of improvisation or lack of preparation. Instead, a euphemism refers to a milder or less direct way of expressing something unpleasant, "goad" means to provoke or annoy someone so as to stimulate some action, and "glib" typically describes someone who speaks fluently but is often insincere or shallow in their expressions. Thus, the specific context of improvisation links most directly to "extemporaneous."