Which of the following describes a state of extreme poverty or destitution?

The term "penury" specifically refers to a state of extreme poverty or destitution, where individuals lack the basic necessities of life and resources needed to survive. It conveys a sense of severe financial hardship and deprivation, emphasizing a complete absence of wealth or material comforts. This word captures the essence of extreme poverty, making it the most suitable choice among the options provided.

The other choices do not describe a state of extreme poverty. "Indifferent" denotes a lack of interest or concern, which is unrelated to poverty. "Fortuitous" refers to something happening by chance, often in a fortunate manner, and lacks any connection to financial hardship. "Frugality" indicates a quality of being economical with resources and spending carefully, which, while potentially related to managing finances, does not inherently mean a state of extreme poverty or destitution.