What term describes a state of being free from bias or self-interest?

The term that most accurately describes a state of being free from bias or self-interest is "impartiality." This concept encompasses the idea of fairness and objectivity, where an individual or entity does not allow personal feelings or opinions to influence their judgments or decisions. Impartiality is crucial in various contexts, such as legal proceedings, journalism, and research, as it ensures that all sides are considered equally.

While "disinterest" can imply a lack of interest in a matter, it does not inherently convey the absence of bias or self-interest in the same way that "impartiality" does. "Indifference" suggests a lack of concern or interest, which does not align with the idea of making fair judgments. "Detachment" implies a certain emotional distance, which may not necessarily reflect an unbiased stance in the decision-making process. Thus, impartiality effectively captures the essence of neutrality and fairness in judgments.