What is a synonym for an overabundance or excess of something?

The term "surplus" refers to an amount that is greater than what is needed or required, which directly aligns with the notion of overabundance or excess. When you have a surplus, you possess more than enough of a particular resource, item, or quality. This can apply to various contexts, such as having more food than one can consume, more funds than one needs, or any other instance where resources exceed necessity.

In contrast, "deficiency," "shortage," and "paucity" all imply a lack or insufficiency. These terms denote situations where there is not enough of something available, which is the opposite of having an excess or an overabundance. This distinction is crucial in understanding the concept being presented in the question, solidifying "surplus" as the appropriate synonym for an overabundance.