What does "torque" mean in a physical context?

The term "torque" refers specifically to a twisting force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. In physics, it is a measure of how much a force acting on an object causes that object to rotate. The amount of torque depends on the force applied, the distance from the point of rotation (lever arm), and the angle at which the force is applied. This concept is crucial in various applications, from engineering to mechanics, where understanding how forces create rotational motion is essential.

The other options, while related to physical concepts, do not accurately define "torque." Energy pertains to the capacity to do work, linear motion refers to movement along a straight line, and constant speed describes a state of motion without acceleration—all of which are distinct from the rotational aspect encapsulated in the definition of torque.