What does the term "satire" primarily refer to in literature?

The term "satire" primarily refers to a genre of literature that uses humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize or mock societal norms, individuals, or institutions. By employing witty language to convey insults or scorn, satire aims to provoke thought and sometimes inspire change by highlighting the shortcomings and absurdities of its subjects. This method allows writers to engage readers while also delivering a poignant message about the flaws within society, politics, or human behavior. The focus on the incisive and often comedic use of language distinguishes satire from other literary forms that may not utilize humor or critique in the same way.

In contrast, the other choices suggest different literary forms: a detailed historical account would be more of a genre focused on factual representation, while a dreamlike narrative suggests elements of surrealism or fantasy. A praise-filled biography typically aims to celebrate an individual's life and achievements, which is contrary to the critical nature of satire.